硬臥 hard sleeper

　　Short-distance passenger trains would be suspended for more long-distance trains. Hard sleepers would be changed to seats. The ministry will also transfer passenger trains serving northeast and northwest areas to south and east China and improve schedules of temporary trains.

　　為加開更多的長途列車，(鐵道部)將暫時取消部分短途列車，坐席將取代硬臥。鐵道部還將調派部分東北和西北方向的列車至華南和華東方向，并加開臨客。

　　你回家的時候是選擇hard sleeper(硬臥)還是hard seat(硬座)，soft seat(軟座)，soft sleeper(軟臥)呢?很多人會選擇加開的temporary train，但有可能遇到temporary stop(臨時停車)。“硬臥”和“軟臥”還可以用hard-berth sleeper/soft-berth sleeper，或者semi-cushioned/ cushioned berths等來表示。如：There are four classes on the train: soft berth, hard sleeper, soft seat, hard seat. The prices are lowered accordingly.(火車分為軟臥、硬臥、軟座、硬座四個級別，票價依次遞減)。

　　Temporary在這里表示“臨時的”，此外它還可以用來表示“暫時的、瞬間的”，如：temporary failure(暫時失效)。春運期間針對客流增大的情況，出臺了很多 temporary(or interim) provisions(暫行規定)。